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When a body is found 600 miles away... Extensive two part write up on the bizarre case of Judy Smith (1997). Part 1 of 2.

Hello everyone, for the last few months I have been creating long form write-ups on a variety of unsolved cases. If you are interested in other lengthy write ups you can find them on my profile- https://www.reddit.com/useQuirky-Moto.
Months ago, I was asked to cover the inexplicable case of Judy Smith, a woman who went missing from Philadelphia or perhaps Massachusetts, only for her body to be found in North Carolina months later. The case was famously covered on the show Unsolved Mysteries, and it is strange enough to warrant a long, hard look at the case and a comprehensive timeline. I hope you are able to learn something new about this semi well-known case.
Background
Judy Smith was born Judith Eldridge in Massachusetts in 1946. Right out of high school Judy married for the first time. Her husband and she had been married very shortly when in an attemot to avoid the draft, he fled to Sweden. Judy went in search of her young husband but soon returned to the states empty handed and filed for divorce. Years later, Judy married Charles Bradford a man who worked in the racehorse industry. They had two children together, Craig and Amy, but unfortunately the marriage did not last and soon Judy found herself jobless and raising two children by herself. Rather than fret, Judy got a job and enrolled in nursing school. Judy was known to study in all of her free time and soon became a successful home health care nurse. In 1986 at age 40, Judy was caring for a man who was recovering from throat surgery when she met her patient’s son, a well to do lawyer named Jeffrey Smith. Jeffrey said he was impressed by how Judy cared for his father and asked her on a date. Judy and Jeff had several things in common, both had been divorced single parents who raised children alone, and Jeffrey worked in healthcare as well, except he was a lawyer. The couple both enjoyed going to plays and Celtics basketball games. After seven years together, Jeff and Judy moved in together and three years later the couple married in Nov., 1996.
According to friends and family, Judy was a rather assertive and independent person. She was no stranger to travelling alone. Judy had been to Europe on her own a few times, and when her children were pre-teens, she took them to Europe for a backpacking adventure. Judy also independently traveled to Thailand where she went hiking and visited friends. While Judy wasn’t the epitome of fitness, she was an active person who enjoyed walking, hiking, and sightseeing. She was also known to be a go-getter who once helped an AIDS patient who was having a medical crisis on a plane. So, while Judy was kindhearted and considerate, she wasn’t thought to be naive and was able to take care of herself in a variety of different situations.
The disappearance
Five months into her new marriage on April 9th 1997, Jeffrey prepared to attend a conference in Philadelphia that was taking place from Wednesday April 9th-Friday April 11th at the Double Tree hotel in downtown Philadelphia. Judy decided to accompany her husband to Philadelphia and planned to do some sightseeing in the area. Afterwards, the Smiths were going to New Jersey to spend the weekend with some friends before flying back home.
On April 9th in the morning, Judy accompanied her husband to Logan International Airport to fly to Philadelphia, but discovered at the gate that she could not board as she did not have her photo ID. Judy encouraged Jeffrey to take the 1:30 pm flight and assured him that she would take a flight later that day and meet him in Philadelphia. According to relatives, the Smiths took public transport to the airport and Judy apparently took the bus back home and retrieved her ID. Jeffrey flew to the conference while Judy returned home and booked a flight for later that day. Judy boarded a 7:30 pm flight and arrived at the hotel in Philadelphia at approximately 9:30 pm.
Once at the hotel, the couple purchased some snacks and went to bed. The next morning Jeffrey awoke and ate breakfast at the complimentary buffet downstairs while his wife was still asleep. When he returned to the room Judy was in the shower. The two talked about several things, and Judy explained that she planned on taking the PHLASH bus in order to see the famous sights such as the Liberty Bell and Independence Hall. The Smiths planned on meeting up at the hotel in the evening to attend the conference’s 6 pm cocktail party together. With that squared away, Jeffrey attended the conference. Sometime in between 9 and 10 am a hotel concierge recalled seeing a woman matching Judy’s description ask how to get to the PHLASH bus stop. The woman was in her 50s, with shortish hair, wearing a dark colored coat, blue jeans, and white tennis shoes, carrying a bright red backpack. (Picture of the Judy wearing the backpack here).
At approximately 5:30 pm Jeffrey who was done with the day’s sessions returned to the hotel room expecting to find Judy waiting for him. Judy wasn’t there, so Jeffrey attended the cocktail hour in the hopes his wife was already visiting at the party, but she wasn’t there either. For the next 45 minutes, Jeffrey floated between the room and the party hoping to find Judy. At approximately 6:15 pm Jeffrey told the concierges that his wife had not returned from sightseeing and the hotel staff began calling local hospitals. At 6:30 pm, Jeffrey hopped in a taxi and instructed the driver to take the PHLASH bus route slowly so he could look for his wife. In one interview Jeffrey recalled that he made the driver go so slow it angered those stuck behind him. After a few hours without any sign of Judy, Smith called the police to report his wife missing. Shockingly, the PPD told Jeffrey that he couldn’t file a report until it had been twenty-four hours since the last final sighting of Judy. After lodging some complaints with some high-ranking officials within the city, a missing person’s report was taken for Judy Smith on the morning of April 11th, 1997 (Lewis, 1997).
Jeffrey called his step children and asked them to check the house in case Judy had gone home, and he also asked that they would check the answering machine, but there were no messages of note and the house was empty.
A check of the hotel room showed that Judy had left with her signature red backpack, her wallet, the jewelry she normally wore including a diamond engagement band and a simple silver wedding ring, and the clothes on her back. Jeffrey estimated that she had approximately $200 dollars with her at the time.
According to later interviews with Philadelphia investigators, Judy, or someone with her name did in fact buy a USair ticket on the 7:30 pm flight into Philadelphia. Her ticket was used to make the flight and her seat was occupied on the flight into Philadelphia (Justiceforjudy.org). At the time of the Smiths’ trip, regulations that required photo identification to board a plane had only been in effect for 18 months and Judy had flown only one other time during that time frame. Additionally, police have a luggage tag from Judy’s suitcase that showed that she took the 7:30 pm flight, and that her bag did not travel to Philadelphia with Jeffrey earlier in the day (AP, Oct 4th, 1997).
Sightings
As news of Judy’s disappearance spread, many people called the police station to report various sightings of Judy.
One PHLASH driver remembered picking up Judy in the early afternoon at Front and South streets, a stop near the Double Tree.
There was also a reported sighting of Judy entering the Greyhound bus station at 11th and Filbert sometime in the early afternoon. This station is a common place for tourists to use the bathroom and is only a 10-minute walk to the DoubleTree hotel. One report claims Judy was seen entering and then exiting the station but most reports mention only entering the station. This area was close to Philadelphia’s Chinatown and Jeffrey speculated that Judy may have gone to Chinatown for lunch as she loved both Chinese and Thai food, but no restaurant owners remembered seeing Judy that day.
There was yet another sighting of a woman who looked like Judy at around 3 pm near the hotel; witnesses claimed this woman seemed disoriented.
A number of sightings were reported over the next few days in the waterfront area of the city called Penn’s Landing. A variety of people claimed to have seen Judy. Some witnesses said she seemed confused or dazed. Judy’s two children, her son in law Jay, and Jeffrey looked into these sightings and discovered that there was a homeless woman in the area who looked strikingly similar to Judy and it is believed that many witnesses saw this woman rather than Judy Smith. This local resident looked so similar to Judy that at one point Judy’s son Craig crossed the street thinking he had discovered his mother, only for it to be the other woman. Police officers and volunteers stopped this woman a number of times as well.
One transient in the area, a man named David, was insistent that he saw Judy, not the other woman, on the night of April 10th in the Penn’s landing area, either resting or sleeping on the bench. He was insistent it was Judy, and not the other woman as he knew the other woman from the neighborhood. Judy’s son believes this story is credible as David was coherent and very willing to be interviewed, even though there was nothing to be gained from his testimony and he was simply happy to help the family. He also identifed Judy from a collection of photos, something many other witnesses were unable to do.
On April 11th an employee at a Macy’s department store in Deptford, New Jersey believed that she interacted with Judy Smith in the morning on that day. She described the clothes Judy wore, right down to the old red backpack. This shopper told the employee, that she was buying some dresses for her daughter but laughed because her daughter often disliked the pieces that she purchased for her. Judy’s family confirmed that this was acurate and affirmed that Judy sometimes shopped at Macy’s. The customer appeared to be slightly disoriented as she asked a young woman in the store to leave with her, thinking that the other customer was her daughter or a someone else she knew. One report says that Judy asked another customer in the store about menopause, a very odd subject to talk about, especially with someone you don’t know in a department store.
This mall complex was in Deptford, New Jersey, a bus ride away from Philadelphia, across the Delaware River. According to newspaper reports, NJ Transit Buses had routes which traveled from downtown Philly to Deptford hourly, and the stop was very close to the mall the sighting took place at, meaning it was possible for Judy to have boarded the bus and ended up in Deptford quite easily. Unfortunately, the Macy’s didn’t have security footage which showed this customer and the woman paid for her purchases in cash.
After a second story ran in the newspaper on April 14th, a variety of other witnesses came forward with stories. The most famous report came from a Society Hill hotel employee who explained that a woman who matched Judy’s description stayed in the hotel from April 13th-15th. The woman appeared to have psychiatric problems and did a variety of strange things during her stay such as touch herself very noticeably in front of the window (it’s unknown if this was in her room or in the lobby), speak in tongues, and finally claimed that “the emperor” would help her pay for her stay at the hotel. This wacky guest was remembered by several employees including the hotel manager, a woman named Abby Gainer, who alerted the police. The strange guest told the employees that she wanted to stay at the hotel for another night but didn’t have the funds to do so. She later said she would get the money via a Western Union wire transfer from “the emperor” (Altman, 1997).
The nearby Best Western Hotel had a similar situation with a similar woman. Concierge Tyrone Taylor remembered that on the 15th, a woman matching this description entered the hotel to use the telephone in the late afternoon. The woman was speaking loudly and said that “the emperor of China” was going to pay for her stay as she did not have the cash to pay for a night at the hotel. Taylor reported that the woman was well dressed and did not appear to be a transient. Both hotel employees reported that the woman was a heavyset blonde in her 50s, wearing heavy dark makeup, eye glasses with tape on the side, and nicer clothes. Gainer reported the woman was sporting an expensive looking scarf with camels and roses on it. The woman, who signed in as "H. K. Rich/Collins," did not have any luggage with her and was wearing very different clothes than Judy was last seen in. When Taylor called the police to report his sighting, he gave the strange guest a call (she must have left a telephone number) and told her she could have a free night at the hotel. She arrived at the Best Western but police decided that the woman was not Judy Smith (Altman, 1997). The hotel sightings were nothing more than a red herring. Over the next few months various sightings were reported but none seemed to pan out. Many of the sightings were believed to be other people who looked like Judy. After all history has shown that false eyewitness sightings are incredibly common in cases of missing persons.
Philadelphia PD’s investigation
Philadelphia PD launched an inquiry into the disappearance of Judy Smith on April 11th, 1997. Jeffrey tried to report Judy as missing in the late evening hours of April 10th, but the police told him to wait 24 hours. Smith, however, was a well-connected man and after a few complaints to both a Pennsylvania state representative and the mayor (both men were attorneys and knew Jeffrey from previous work functions), Jeffrey was able to file a report in the early morning hours of the 11th. The Smith family made and hung flyers in the area. Judy’s children joined the search and followed up on sightings around the tourist areas of Philly. Police interviewed Jeffrey, Judy’s children, and others in order to retrace Judy’s last steps. Judy left behind her passport at her home in Massachusetts meaning she could not have easily left the county. The Smith’s two landline records were checked but nothing out of the ordinary was found.
After interviews and searches of the area, Philadelphia PD announced that they believed Judy had never made it to Pennsylvania at all and speculated that Judy went missing from the Boston area. This speculation was based on a couple of things.
First, investigators did not believe Jeffrey’s story that Judy couldn’t catch the flight due to a lack of photo ID. Police thought that this story was odd and did not believe a seasoned traveler like Judy would forget her license at home before heading to the airport.
Later investigation showed that someone named Judith Smith took a 7:30pm flight into Philadelphia and flight manifest showed that the ticket was used to make the flight that evening, however, the entire incident is still odd to many amateur sleuths and professional investigators.
Another detective thought it was odd that while Judy had clothes and belongings in the hotel room, she didn’t have any cosmetics with her. Further, detectives noticed that there were few soiled items of clothing in the room meaning that if Judy was in Philadelphia on the 10th, she wore the same jeans and coat that she was wearing the night before. Judy’s children reported that this wasn’t uncommon for their mother as she wasn’t a frilly person. They also said that their mother only wore makeup on occasion and not while traveling so these things didn’t seem out of the ordinary to them. (Personally, I have also wondered if Judy did have some makeup, but it was in her backpack at time. I know plenty of women who don’t wear much makeup, but if you looked in their purse or bag you might find some lip stick or powder.)
Investigators went on to say that no one but Jeffrey could place Judy in Philadelphia during this time frame. This announcement resulted in several eyewitnesses who claimed that they had seen Judy at the hotel. One receptionist from the hotel claimed that on April 9th in between 9-10 pm, she saw Judy arrive at the hotel and greet her husband in the lobby. She said that Jeffrey gave Judy flowers and the two appeared to be apologizing to each other. (Jeffrey said this was the case except Judy gave him the flowers). One concierge remembered a woman in her 50s with a coat and old red backpack ask him how to get to the PHLASH bus stop at around 10 am on April 10th. He knew it was after 9 am because that is when his shift started. Finally, a conference goer named Carmen Catazone, who was sitting in the lobby also recalled the flower incident from the night before. The woman did not know Jeffrey personally, but recognized him from the conference. Jeffrey was a moderator for a variety of sessions and was very overweight so he was easily recognizable. These witness’ accounts seem to line up with Jeffrey’s story. As far as I can tell the flower story had not been released to the press at this point.
Finally, Philadelphia PD divulged that Jeffrey wasn’t fully cooperative, as he wouldn’t submit to a polygraph. Jeffrey denies this and said that as a lawyer he knew that polygraphs are fallible. Further, he claims that he was willing to take a lie detector if it was given by an outside agency such as the FBI, but Philadelphia police declined this scenario. These are the four reasons investigators used in order to prop up their theory that Judy wasn’t in Philadelphia at all. Despite witness sightings, this theory is a popular on online to this day.
Aftermath and Discovery
After several weeks Jeffrey returned to the Boston area and tried to resume his normal life. He drastically cut back his hours at the office reporting that he could not focus on his work. Smith attempted to keep his wife’s case in the spotlight doing interviews whenever he could and eventually landing a spot on the show Unsolved Mysteries. On the show, one friend of the couple called the marriage “tenuous” but modern articles on the case mention that the police could find no one who reported concerns like these about the couples’ relationship. In independent interviews Judy’s adult children denied witnessing any warning signs in their mother’s new marriage. Eventually, Jeffrey hired three private investigators to look for Judy. The PIs faxed over 9,000 missing posters to police departments and hospitals all over the country hoping that someone would recognize Judy.
Five months after her disappearance in September 1997, a man and his son were hunting in the Pisgah National Forest near Candler, North Carolina, a short drive from the city of Asheville. On a steep incline one-quarter mile from a picnic area, which itself was a mile from hike from the nearest parking area, the duo found what appeared to be a human bone. They alerted the police who responded to the scene. Over an area approximately 300 feet in diameter, investigators found most of a human skeleton which had been wrapped in a blue blanket and buried in a very shallow grave. Scavenging animals had dug up the skeleton and a few bones had been carried away. The skeleton was determined to be female. The woman was dressed in thermal underwear under her jeans, hiking boots, socks, a t-shirt, a bra and a jacket. Nearby in two different holes, a blue vinyl backpack and a men’s shirt had been buried. The backpack contained some winter clothing and 80 dollars. The shirt contained a pair of $110 Bolle brand sunglasses, as well an additional $87. A paperback mystery novel was also found nearby. She carried no ID. The slope where the body was discovered was near some hiking trails, but the hill itself was steep and at an elevation of 4,000 feet, the search was difficult. The incline was so severe that one investigator crushed his sciatic nerve attempting to search the area, an injury which required major surgery.
Early coverage of the body’s discovery in the Asheville Citizen Times, initially reported that the police found a body belonging to a woman who they believed to be in her 20s dressed in hiking clothes (Ball, 1997). Several days later, the medical examiner assessed the bones and concluded that the skeleton was that of white woman in her 40s or 50s, who was about 5’3” tall with shortish light brown hair. There were cut marks in the woman’s bra and t-shirt which indicated that she had been stabbed in the chest area, however, no cause of death could be determined. Some reports mention that there was trauma to the woman’s ribs. The decedent also had a severely arthritic right knee (some reports say it was her left knee), extensive fillings and dental work in her molars, and some animal hair on her shirt, which may have been horse hair. The woman did not seem to be a transient due to her nice clothes and dental work. The death was ruled a homicide as the woman had been wrapped in a blanket post mortem and buried. The ME determined that the body had been there for 1-2 years prior. For several weeks the skeleton remained nameless in the ME’s office.
On September 9th, a small blurb about the unidentified body ran in an Asheville, North Carolina paper. 65 miles away in Franklin, NC, an ER physician named Parker Davis was looking at missing poster which had been faxed to the hospital he worked at when he noticed that the woman on the poster had a severely arthritic knee. He remembered the story of the skeleton from the paper who had a similar knee problem. On a whim he called the police who were able to get a copy of Judy’s missing poster. After a preliminary check, the ME contacted Jeffrey in order to obtain a copy of Judy’s dental records. The records were a match, and by the end of September 1997, Judy had her name back. Friends and family were also able to identify Judy’s diamond engagement band with a pear-shaped stone and wedding ring which had been found on or near the body. Some early reports say that the woman had no jewelry and that Judy’s wedding ring was missing, but later reports say that it was found near the body. The area of the burial was searched on at least three occasions so it is possible the rings were not found until later. Missing was Judy’s wallet, red backpack, and some jewelry that she typically wore (it’s unclear what jewelry this is referring to). The coat she was last seen wearing was nowhere to be found and the clothes she was dressed in, as well as those in the backpack were unable to be identified by family or friends. The shirt buried nearby was a men’s shirt and was believed to belong to the killer, not Judy. Furthermore, the sunglasses did not appear to be Judy’s as Judy’s kids said she wasn’t the type to spend over $100 on sunglasses. The sunglasses are an athletic style and to me look like men’s or unisex sport sunglasses.
Buncombe County Investigation
Buncombe County Sheriff’s Department took over the case from the PPD after Judy’s identification. Once it was determined that Judy was the woman in the woods, several residents in and around Asheville reported that they had seen Judy or had interacted with her in the April shortly after she was last seen in Philadelphia. For example, one woman thought Judy had stayed at her hotel from April 10th-12th, one woman who worked at a souvenir shop near the Biltmore house (a tourist attraction near Asheville) thought that she spoke to Judy who said she was from Boston and that her husband was a lawyer. Another woman who worked in a store recalled that Judy with her red backpack. She claims that Judy bought a toy truck and approximately $30 worth of sandwiches. There were two other sightings of a person resembling Judy in the area in a gray sedan. One person claimed to have seen Judy near the Pisgah National Forest in a gray sedan chock full of stuff. This witness said that the woman was looking for a place to camp. Another person saw a woman in a gray sedan in the same area. All sightings occurred in the week or so after Judy was last seen in Philadelphia. Of course, it goes without saying that, eyewitness testimony can be unreliable and the human mind is susceptible to suggestion.
North Carolina investigators traveled to Philadelphia to retrace Judy’s steps. They have said that they don’t believe that PPD did a poor job but simply wanted to cover their bases. Two detectives flew to Philadelphia and determined that Judy probably been there at least briefly before traveling to the Pisgah National Forest. They reported that there was no indication that Judy had been abducted or otherwise forced to travel south. It appeared she at least started the journey of her own volition. In all the sightings of Judy in North Carolina, she was alone.
Buncombe county deputies were able to rule out Jeffrey as a suspect rather quickly, although they concede that anything is possible and Jeffrey could be involved however unlikely it seems. Jeffrey was ruled out based on his size and health. Jeffrey was a morbidly obese man who investigators noted began huffing and puffing when walking quickly or climbing stairs. Because of this they did not believe Jeffrey could have disposed of his wife’s body especially in such an inaccessible area of the forest. Furthermore, they could find no evidence that Jeffrey rented a car in Philadelphia adding to the logistical problems with Jeffrey being a suspect. On top of his lack of car, Jeffrey had less than 12 hours to dispose of Judy’s body as he was seen in the lobby of the hotel at 9:30 pm, and then was moderating a session of the conference at 9:30 am. Driving to the Pisgah National Forest from Philadelphia takes approximately nine hours one way meaning he did not have time to kill and dispose of his wife. One podcast on the case mentions that police could find no large withdrawals of money from the Smith’s accounts which could have indicated the hiring of a hit man or a paid accomplice. (I could find no other corroboration of this claim so take this with a grain of salt.) Jeffrey also kept his wife’s case in the spotlight and suffered many hardships in the wake of his wife’s disappearance. Besides the one woman who was interviewed on Unsolved Mysteries, no other friends or family reported that there were issues in marriage that they were aware of.
Philadelphia police also struggled with Jeffrey’s size as carrying and disposing of a dead body is quite taxing and it is doubtful that Jeffrey could have done this on his own. However, they say that Jeffrey is still as suspect as he could have killed his wife in Boston or had an accomplice.
With the most obvious suspect cleared, investigators moved on to other lines of inquiry. They searched the surrounding areas hoping to find people who had seen Judy which is how the discovery of the woman in the gray car was made. Police also searched a nearby horse farm as Judy was known to like horses and had what could have been horse hair on her body, but nothing definitive was found.
Other information
Suspects
Gary Michael Hilton, sometimes called the national park killer, is a suspect in Judy's disappearance. In 2008 Hilton was arrested for a murder in a national forest and was later linked to three other murders, all of which took place between 2005 and 2008. Hilton, who was in his 50s and 60s at the time, killed hikers in Florida, Georgia, and North Carolina and he is considered a suspect in many other murders in surrounding states such as Arkansas, South Carolina, and Tennessee. Hilton, who loved the outdoors, would often stalk hiking trails, camp sites, and other areas known for outdoor recreation to find victims to terrorize. His crimes were tended to be opportunistic and his motive most often was monetary. Hilton held down a series of jobs from 1997 to 2007 but did not work full time. He was also a drifter who moved from place to place. Hilton usually assaulted and robbed his victims of their wallets, atm cards, cash, and valuables. His victims were male and female, young and old. He seemed to prefer victims who were isolated and alone did not try to find a specific type of person otherwise. One thing that is interesting about Hilton as an offender is that it appears that he did not commit any violent crimes before he was 58 or 59 years old. Hilton has a very long rap sheet but most of his crimes were relatively minor such as possession of marijuana, carrying a pistol without a license, soliciting false donations for charity, carrying a police baton, and DUI. Once arrested several violent incidents that Hilton had been a part of came to light but he had never been convicted of them in the past. Most people agree someone with does not start a life of violent crime in their 60s. Many believe the Gary Michael Hilton has more victims then are currently known.
John and Irene Bryant, an eclectic couple in their 80s, were hiking in the Pisgah National Forest in 2007 when they were attacked by Hilton. Hilton killed Irene, and then kidnapped her husband in order to use their ATM cards and withdraw money before killing John as well. Irene's body was left only miles from where Judy's body was found 10 years earlier. This is one of the most convincing pieces of evidence that Hilton may have been involved in Judy's murder as well. However, it is important to note that Judy was not robbed and Hilton did not bury any of his known victims. Judy's murder also took place 10 years before any Hilton's other murders. Some blogs or more unofficial sources on the case mentioned that Hilton was believed to be in Georgia at the time of Judy's disappearance, but this isn't known for sure. If you are interested in learning more about the crimes of Gary Michael Hilton this reddit post is a really good place to start. This post did a good job of putting it all in one place so thank you u/lisagreenhouse.
Another offender who was in the Asheville area at the time of Judy's disappearance was a young man named Lewis Kyle Wilson. In the early 2000s Wilson was arrested after assaulting and robbing a sex worker he had brought home to his property. There's not a lot of information on Wilson online, but he was living in Asheville and would have been 19 at the time of Judy's disappearance. I cannot find any evidence that Wilson actually killed anyone but he does have a history of violence towards women and was in the area at the time so he is sometimes mentioned online as a possible suspect. One sex worker Wilson was known to frequent was the victim of an unsolved homicide that happened in 2006; Wilson is the prime suspect in that crime.
In 2016, only a couple of miles from Judy's burial site in the Pisgah National Forest, a lone hiker in her 60s was attacked, raped, and left tied to a tree. Thankfully, the woman was found alive and taken to the hospital. Some have wondered if this crime was connected to the Judy Smith homicide but there is no hard evidence of this and the rapist remains unknown.
Theories
Amnesia is one possible explanation for Judy’s disappearance. The family believes that Judy was injured or otherwise suffered a bout of dissociative amnesia which caused her to become confused or forget her identity. This is supported by the sightings of a confused or disoriented Judy in Philadelphia. The family believes this explains why Judy traveled to the Pisgah National Forest apparently of her own free will.
One theory is that Judy and Jeffrey had an argument that spurred an angry Judy to leave the area, whether she left from Boston or Philadelphia. After she left the area and traveled south to North Carolina, she met with foul play.
In a similar vein, some believed Judy willingly traveled to North Carolina to meet up with someone, perhaps a friend or a secret boyfriend. The ID incident at the airport was simply a cover so Judy could converse with this person who she wanted to meet. Once in North Carolina she met with foul play perhaps at the hand of the person she went to meet.
One theory Jeffrey explored was that Judy was suffering from mental illness and had a psychotic break. Being a lawyer, Jeffrey was able with some legal maneuvering to obtain all of Judy’s medical records from her adult life, including a physical she had had only months before hand. There was no indication that Judy had ever had any mental health concerns. Neither she or her doctors ever mentioned anything that would have pointed to any mental health problems, even minor ones such as anxiety. According to Jeffrey, Judy’s newest physical reported that Judy was in good mental and physical health (Lewis, 1997 and Trace Evidence Podcast).
Other sleuths have speculated that Judy traveled to North Carolina because she was questioning her sexuality. Asheville at the time was known for having an LGBT community. This theory is pushed forward by one interview on the Unsolved Mysteries segment as Judy’s friend says, “If you are looking for a mystery man, there wasn’t one.” Some have said that this implied that Judy had met a mystery woman, not a man. However, this theory is full of holes. No friends or family ever had any indication that Judy was questioning her sexuality. Judy had been married to men on three occasions and had other boyfriends as well. This explanation fails to explain why this realization would cause Judy to unexpectedly travel hundreds of miles and cease contact with her children. It also fails to explain who killed Judy.
Others have speculated that Judy was tricked into going to North Carolina. Perhaps she met someone while sightseeing who offered her a ride and that person abducted her or drove her to North Carolina for some reason.
Personally, I have always wondered if Judy was suffering from early onset dementia or Alzheimer’s disease. This would be a similar theory to the psychotic break theory; however, I believe this explains why Judy was described as both disoriented and acting normal in different sightings. I am by no means an expert, but if I understand correctly, patients with these conditions can get very confused and agitated but can also have times of acting completely lucid. I think this theory can explain why Judy forgot her license at home before flying, and can also explain her disappearance. I think it is possible Judy got on the wrong bus and ended up first at the Deptford mall and then eventually North Carolina, simply getting more and more lost each day. Of course, this hypothesis does not solve Judy’s murder, it simply gives an explanation for her travels.
A final theory that is prevalent online is the idea that the doe found in Pisgah National Forest was not Judy at all and was instead misidentified. While this is always possible and something I have entertained from time to time, Judy was matched via dental records, her arthritic knee, and her distinct engagement ring with a pear-shaped stone. If the doe was not Judy, then the mystery becomes even stranger, and now includes the identity and murder of yet another woman. While the odds of a similarly aged woman, with a bad knee, similar dental work, and a plain silver wedding band accompanied with a fancy diamond engagement ring, who was not Judy being murdered in the forest is possible, I believe that it is not very likely. Proponents of this theory point to the ME’s report that the doe had been in the forest for over a year, while Judy had been missing only five months at the time of her discovery.
TO BE CONTINUED...
Full list of sources are in part two- https://unsolved.com/gallery/judy-smith/
link to part 2 https://www.reddit.com/UnresolvedMysteries/comments/kky2l2/when_a_body_is_found_600_miles_away_extensive_two/
submitted by Quirky-Motor to UnresolvedMysteries [link] [comments]

Planet Uranium - A beginners guide to the uranium market in the 2020's Chapters 9-11

Planet Uranium - A beginners guide to the uranium market in the 2020's Chapters 9-11
https://preview.redd.it/rwt6vt58swf61.png?width=1600&format=png&auto=webp&s=56c39d421ec0fd99b7939ba49914de3549fbb017
Dear community, I am the author of the following book which I have posted in its entirety.
I like to research my investments thoroughly, so the following is my thesis that this is a 'when, not if scenario'.
As not many seem to want to buy it on Amazon, I am making it available to read in posts below. Enjoy!
If you click on the below link, I am hoping it will move my ebook up the amazon search ranks so non redditors can see it. Thanks. https://www.amazon.com/Planet-Uranium-Beginners-Guide-Market-ebook/dp/B07TCHF7T7/ref=cm_cr_arp_d_pdt_img_top?ie=UTF8
Due to reddit post size limits, it is in different posts. Link to all chapter links:
https://www.reddit.com/UraniumSqueeze/comments/le3ubj/planet_uranium_a_beginners_guide_to_the_uranium/
Below are Chapters 9-11
Chapter 9 The Japanese - How it can really go sideways (continued...)
To say it must have been a strange hour (closer to 40 minutes) between earthquake and tsunami would be an understatement. Imagine being a worker there, and all the worries racing through your mind, first I’m sure family and friends would be your main concern, and then the dangers from the earthquake, not knowing initially about the tsunami. Anyone there at the time who knew about the design of the plant and especially depth above sea level must have also had some interesting and disturbing thoughts run through their minds. Originally, the plant was to be built on a bluff around 35m above sea level, then during the construction stage, some genius decided it would be better for earthquake proofing and save on pumping if the plant was lowered. It sounds logical and the type of idea that someone got a decent end of year bonus for.
There was also a seawall installed on site. Again a slight issue with height, when the wall is 10m and the wave that struck was over 14m. In fact, determining seawall height centered more on typhoon considerations and the waves that they can whip up - and I was pretty sure tsunami is a Japanese word. Now if those factors weren’t enough in that hour to get your heart pumping here is the little matter of backup generators, which leads us to the question, is there any such thing as waterproof diesel generators? If not, there should be along with all the other electrical parts which make up part of your emergency pumping systems. The keyword here is backup, backup for what? Worst case scenario which brings us nicely back to, a black swan event. Nobody saw it coming quite like this. Incidentally, this power plant is not the only one that got hit. There were two others on the same coast, but they were okay and managed to get to cold shutdown.
So let’s think about post-tsunami and an hour after the earthquake. It’s all rather wet. Also, the water is starting to recede in the reactor which needs water to keep it cool. Once the water reduces around the core, the core starts to melt. The core contains both uranium and the fuel assemblies which are made of zirconium. When zirconium melts in the presence of water you get hydrogen building up in a contained area and eventually...bang, and that is what typically explodes, not uranium (as might be popularly assumed), and that is what happened at the site in Japan.
The disaster management was a fiasco, apparently this type of disaster wasn’t in the manuals so someone needed to use their initiative. Now maybe, when you have been in an industry for many years where using your initiative is not encouraged, after all, do you really want mavericks operating a nuclear plant by trying new things out?, maybe a bit of ‘MacGyver’ could be just what’s required. Either way, with twelve of the thirteen backup generators down and only one working, It took two weeks for the workers to get the 3 units that had been out of control to ‘stable’. Some ten months later they were declared to be in cold shutdown status which is a lot longer than the usual four days.
In actual fact, there were two waves that hit at 8-minute intervals. The reactors which would normally produce heat and that heat be conveyed away through steam and water is trapped and building up rapidly, a bit like a pressure cooker. Some of the pressure was released by means of safety valves but the steam is radioactive so ideally, it needs to be contained or released to a location that won’t damage the environment. Some of this radioactive material did leak into the environment.
On a slight tangent (but it’s worth it), the sister nuclear plant down the road was battling with issues too. You might think if you’re ‘running’ a disaster with such a far-reaching impact - after all, they were thinking of evacuating Tokyo a city with a population of nine million, that you would have a red phone where you could call for support for stuff that might be useful, beyond champagne and olives. And the guy running the show down the road did request some water from the government. Seeing as things were hot to the point of almost melting that sounds like a reasonable request. He asked for 4,000 tonnes of water. Someone got their wires crossed, and this might just be the greatest example of a communication breakdown in recent times, as one solitary truck rolled in with just 4 tonnes or 4,000 liters of water. Apparently, someone thought the workers must have been thirsty. How disappointing to be short 3,996 tonnes of what you ordered while trying to avert a nuclear disaster.
At that point, apparently, Masuda (the guy running the show) said “Don’t rely on others. Let’s do things by ourselves.” An interesting response in itself - maybe it was in the manual.
Earlier we discussed how the futures market allows a utilities company to hedge against the risk of uranium prices going up in the future, in the context of this chapter we see the utilities too can become the risk. In the fallout of the Fukushima event we zoom forward to 2017 when TEPCO, the Japanese power company terminated a supply contract with Cameco valued at $1 billion. TEPCO says they can legally do this due to something called ‘force majeure’ which is a legal term which basically says if an unforeseeable event occurs, you can walk away from the contract. Cameco is now chasing them in the courts for damages in the region of $680 million.
Zooming out from the event, the implications for the price of uranium was not good. Nuclear reactors in Japan were shut down or had been destroyed, so less demand. This also meant the Japanese were oversupplied. A country typically always keeps some stockpiles in front of their immediate demands to ensure some future supply security. Prices were starting to go up because China was planning to build more nuclear plants and then with Fukushima, the price went from around $60 to around half that by 2014. Since then there is more power generated today globally (2019) by nuclear power than before Fukushima, the prices, however, have not bounced back.
Globally public confidence was damaged which made countries reconsider how they were using and had planned to use nuclear power to generate electricity. That was part of the reason why uranium prices dropped so much and something similar could happen again. If you have money or are planning to put money into uranium, watch out for the big bad black swan.
Chapter 10 Underfeeding - ‘why don’t you explain this to me like I’m five’
This chapter title should be familiar to fans of 'The Office', if you haven’t seen this hilarious scene, search it on YouTube, it’s well worth watching. Explaining something seemingly simple or complicated can be useful if we break it down and try to keep it simple. The following is complicated and here is my attempt to break it down to understandable parts and I hope this works for the reader.
So you may think uranium comes out of the ground and gets used once, but it’s not that simple. This is where we need to understand what a SWU or Separative Work Unit is. So earlier we discussed spinning centrifuges and the good stuff goes to the top and center and is then a bit richer and moves to the next centrifuge and the same again, over and over again. Typically, this moves the U235 from 0.7% to in the region of 3.5% to 5%, we're talking a lot of centrifuges and a lot of spinning.
Now for a bit of trivia, how much would a centrifuge cost if available on eBay? They’re not, I checked, estimates on the internet go from $13,000 to $20,000 and you need many - literally thousands of them.
Ok so back to SWU, that is the amount of work to produce a kg of uranium to a given percentage such as from 0.7% to 5%. That makes sense because to spin it will cost you a lot of electricity. So you spin it and you get two parts, enriched material at 3% to 5% and the waste at around 0.2% to 0.3%. In theory and practice, you could take the waste and spin it for more enriched material. This is called underfeeding. Of course, more spinning means more power usage, so at some point it becomes uneconomical and you are better off sticking to the standard feed material of 0.7%.
Here is a slightly imaginary (but not that imaginary) scenario which may help us understand the economics of underfeeding. The spinners are only allowed to produce so much a year. Let’s imagine that the spinning never ends, it always on for the whole year - 24/7. Lets then say they reach close to their quota in September of how much they are permitted to produce using standard 0.7% feed which cost money to buy and they also have a mountain load of ‘waste’ out the back at 0.2% to 0.3% concentrations. They want to run down the clock until the end of the year and if they keep using standard feed, the centrifuges will sit with nothing inside them for the last few months so at that point they decide to put in the waste and run down the clock cause ‘waste’ is ‘free’ versus using the 0.7% feed.
That is similar to what happens to make the actual production numbers difficult to estimate. Of course, if the price of the 0.7% feed increases then the waste out the back might be used more, as it has now become cheaper in relation to what they are paying for the standard stuff.
Gas centrifuge plants use around 50 - 60 kWh to make 1 SWU, that is to say, to get a kg of uranium to the enriched stage (3-5%) from the ‘natural’ stage (0.7%). I’m now going to choose UK prices here because US state prices are all over the show. In the UK a KWh will cost around USD 0.76 at wholesale prices from the supplier (ignoring negotiation for a better price) so 60 kWh will cost you around USD 0.76 x 60 = USD 46. We are saying 1 SWU will cost $46. If the power station needs nuclear fuel of say 25 tonnes for the year, then the spinner will get an electricity bill for enriching that amount in the region of 12 million dollars ($46 x 25,000 tonnes). Again, this shows uranium in the ground to the point of actually generating electricity is not as simple or as cheap as it may initially sound. It also sounds a bit circular, generating electricity for generating electricity, I’m thinking chicken and egg syndrome at this point.
Here is another factor to think about it. The power plant reduces their demand for enriched uranium which is called LEU (lower enriched uranium), so the spinners have no real reason to spin but they do anyway, but they use the waste out the back instead of buying from the miners / U3O8ers / UF6ers which depresses the prices of uranium while at the same time increasing the amount of LEU available for when there is a demand, that is a double whammy for the miners and we call that inventory, or at least another source of inventory. Somebody will go bankrupt and that is what has happened, miners and enrichers too, or if not bankrupt, at the very least they are offline.
So when SWU price is low that means the spinners/enrichers are not getting paid much and there is an opportunity to underfeed when the price goes up. Concerning enrichment, we have already mentioned that U3O8 is at 0.7% uranium and that we need it to go to 3-5% to get it ready for the nuclear reactor (LEU) and then sometimes it’s enriched to 20% for research purposes.
Then there is HEU which stands for highly enriched uranium at the 90% region and that is used for weapons. So an interesting question is how much SWU does it take to enrich it to HEU in comparison to LEU? For LEU we can say around 850 SWU/ tonne and HEU its around 1300 SWU/ tonne based on WNA numbers and at our British electricity wholesale rates mentioned earlier let's say a tonne of LEU will cost $39,000 and HEU $59,000 which illustrates it doesn’t take much to get from LEU to HEU.
All numbers shown here are very rough and for illustration purposes, prices change and other variables come into play, for example, storage and disposal are two factors that enrichers need to consider when dealing with uranium.
At times, LEU goes to HEU and back again to LEU and so lets understand how this happens. When two ‘advanced’ nations get uptight with one another, it’s quite possible they will want to create weapons and even overproduce them. Think US and Russia or even India and Pakistan.
With 15,000 nuclear weapons on the plant today, that is enough to wipe out mankind many times over which will never happen because you can only wipe out an ant colony once - once it’s gone, it’s gone. Anyway, later when relations cool between the protagonists there is a chance they may want to do something about the ‘overproduction’ of weapons.
This is pretty much what occurred with a proportion of the nuclear grade uranium/plutonium between 1993 to 2013. This is of interest to us because if we bring in another supply stream to an existing market, it may create an oversupply and that is what happened in this instance. HEU which is around 90% U235 was blended in with other less enriched uranium and used to make electricity. It seems to be much more sensible use of the material I’m sure we would all agree.
Could this happen again in the future? Possibly. No one really knows but the power companies must have been delighted to be getting, arguably, a cheaper priced product. The initiative between the two states occurred during a thawing of a rather cool relationship (that’s why they called it the cold war) and going forward for it to occur again, there would likely have to be good relations between the two nations. Experts feel that is presently not the situation. So although it‘s unlikely to occur in the near future, it’s a piece on the board that we do well to remember could move at some future time again.
You will also hear about something called MOX in the uranium space. MOX stands for mixed oxide fuel and is a mix of uranium and plutonium oxide. When we use the word plutonium we are in the realm of highly enriched fuel (HEU) and that means military grade. So before we come to MOX we need to understand where plutonium comes from. Earlier we said that the stuff that fissions is U235 but that the percentage is only 3-5% in the reactor which means the rest is U238 and when this in the reactor a small fraction changes to become plutonium, specifically Pu239, and most of the plutonium fissions along with the U235 to generate heat and make electricity which sounds fine so far.
Pu239 is what was dropped on Nagasaki in World War II and was very, very unpleasant for the people living there at the time - think mushroom clouds. Pu239 cannot penetrate human skin but again eating or snorting it is not recommended. A dozen milligrams will probably kill you. A single grain of quartz sand with a two-millimeter diameter weighs around the same, just to give some perspective of what we are talking about here.
The day eventually arrives when the reactors need to be refueled with new pellets and so the used fuel can be sent for waste disposal but there is also an opportunity to recycle. One way to do this is to separate the plutonium and recycle it with depleted uranium and, hey presto, we have MOX.
Earlier we mentioned the deal that the US and Russia had done to recycle their weapons and this is the way that this is done using MOX. Currently, 5% of new nuclear fuel is MOX and in France, the figure is double that. People these days love the idea of recycling so that’s what this sounds like to me, more recycling. MOX fuel is yet another ‘supply stream’ that makes the whole ‘we mined one lemon and spent two lemons in the reactor’ argument much more complicated than to just say the supply and demand is between miners and users. The plot thickens yet again.
Chapter 11 Moving parts - The art of thoughtful disagreement
The expression ‘the art of the thoughtful disagreement’ comes from Ray Dalio, a brilliant hedge fund manager who surrounds himself with people who disagree with him, not for the sake of causing division, but in order to improve the chances of avoiding mistakes when his firm invests. If you like the bullish case, spend as much time as possible looking for the bear case too. Your decisions will be more informed.
The time has finally arrived to start arguing with oneself (and others, if you like). That is to say, set out why you should and should not invest in uranium. So far we have seen that there are more moving parts to this uranium business than mining and throwing rocks into the furnace of a power plant (which won’t get you very far either way). Explorers, miners, producers, enrichers, and users. It's an intricate web where you pull one strand and it affects the system in some other place.
Saying we are positive about the prospects of the uranium market may not mean bullish for the stock prices of uranium miners and explorers. The same is true for negatives about nuclear and the uranium industry. While something may sound negative, that doesn’t necessarily mean that the stock will go up or down. It’s important to understand the moving parts and determine whether the underlying positive or negative narrative will be bullish or bearish for the uranium market.
The following outlines the type of positive and negative information that is out there concerning the market and can be ‘spun’ either way. In order for us to determine whether this type of information will have an impact long term or short term, we need to dig a little deeper than a statement that appears to have some validity. We need to remember this is a game of chess where some pieces may or may not have a material impact on future gains or losses.
So, after all that we have considered, let’s play both sides of the fence starting with the bull case. For beginners, bull case means we think it is a good idea to invest in uranium for the future. So let’s throw some generic numbers at it as a form of summary from earlier.
Uranium equals electricity, which is 10-11% of world demand. So unlikely they will switch the power off. It’s currently not fashionable to generate carbon dioxide. Nuclear doesn’t generate carbon dioxide (or at the very most, in negligible amounts). What is happening with nuclear power in the future? The answer is mostly all about China, they operate 36 reactors, are building 20 and have planned another 100. Japan may come back online which is neither here nor there as we just don’t know what they will do. India is also coming up the track too.
In 2019, U3O8 demand will be around 200 million pounds, mine supply is at 130 million, underfeeding supply (that’s the guys spinning the centrifuges) 25 million, MOX supply <5 million. Total supply equals 160 million, which means we’re short 40 million pounds a year.
The cost of production is probably around $60 per pound and spot prices and long term prices say it is currently nearer $30 per pound. More mine closures are coming in the next few years with no like for like replacements (or at least that’s the argument). The buyers/users are coming to a point where they need to renew contracts, so if they all rush at the same time to get a secure supply, there could be a bit of a jam at the door and some may have to pay big prices to secure a dwindling supply. That seems to be the historical pattern so far.
Remember we said at the lemon stand, someone wants to buy fifty drinks for the next three months to secure supply, well he’s in the queue with ten other guys who want the same thing. That is the expectation for a lot of investors in this space. That’s part of the reason why when uranium prices go up, they tend to overshoot. For example 2003 - 2007, $15 to $130, and 2010-2011, $40 to $70. Uranium stocks follow the uptrend, but not by double or triple like uranium, but in the hundreds or thousands of percentage increases.
So prices tend to overshoot, based on the historical patterns of when the buyers enter the market to buy uranium, they mostly always come in when the prices are at the highest and they don't buy as much when it is at its lowest, there is a little bit of chicken and egg going on here. So which comes first, the high prices because demand is going up, or prices are going up because the supply is low? Either way, if historical buying patterns are anything to go by, the next time the buyers come to market in a ‘herd’ type situation, we can expect to see overshoot. Later comes the longer periods of undershooting as the prices remain below the price of production.
If uranium prices go up, the stock starts to look attractive and then they will be in high demand, now we have another jam at the door, but this time it’s not the power plants, it’s the investors. Doug Casey a famous writer and speculator once said “When the market wants into gold stocks it’s like trying to force the contents of the Hoover Dam into a hose, in the case of uranium stocks, it’s more like a soda straw. it’s a very small market.” The combined market value of mining companies in this sector is $15 billion. Bill Gates is worth $95 billion - one guy, he could buy the whole lot (in theory). Another quote you will hear in this context is ‘it’s not a case of if but when’ (or words to that effect), the only trouble with that expression is it applies to death too. Patience is required for this. That about covers the bullish arguments, so we shall move on and continue arguing with ourselves on the other side of the fence.
A bear viewpoint means we would not want to invest in this market. So what are the popular arguments out there that the uranium market is a bad idea?
First, some of the existing fleet of nuclear reactors in the US are coming to an end. 98 current reactors will drop to somewhere nearer 89 by 2025. This will obviously mean less uranium is required. The US Energy Information Agency (EIA) projects that nuclear electricity generation will fall from an all-time peak in 2018 and decrease 17% by 2025. From 2019 to 2025 12 nuclear plants are scheduled to close.
The average life of these reactors is around 40 years old. It’s not unheard of, to get a license extended by another 40 years, so it is possible that the licenses to operate some of these reactors is extended,but playing the bear case means we should discount that.
Also in the US, any new nuclear plants are considered by the bears to be very costly to build. Costly includes budget overruns and time overruns. Here are a few examples. Vogtle nuclear power plant situated in Eastern Georgia (the state not the country) not far from Southern Carolina. The plant is currently constructing reactors 3&4 which is, by the way, the only units in the country built in the last three decades which doesn’t sound too bullish. Construction costs were initially planned to be $14 billion with a ‘ready for operation’ date set for 2017. Currently, costs are estimated to be north of $27 billion and the current date they are working too is 2021-22, with monthly cost overruns at around $100 million.
You would think they would have learned some lessons, and maybe the did, from when they installed Units 1 and 2 with an original construction budget of $1 billion, but finally coming in at $9 billion - Ouch. So a doubling of the budget on Units 3 & 4 sounds like a bargain compared to Units 1 & 2.
Another project is Flamanville is France where they are adding Reactor Unit 3 to an existing site. Construction commenced in late 2007 with a budget of 3.3 billion euros and the intent was to start operations in 2012. It’s currently considered that it’ll be up and running by mid-2020 at almost 11 billion euros in costs.
If those two projects are a representative sampling of how project budgets and schedules run in the nuclear power plant building game, it doesn’t sound great. I feel sorry for the project managers and recommend they take up the game of ‘blind folded darts’ as they may find that more satisfying.
Now seeing as China is building so many, it would be good to consider what they are facing with regard to overruns in terms of budgets and schedules. Haiyang is a power plant that was supposed to be constructed in 63 months, Unit 1 took 100 months and Unit 2 110 months. Unit 1 should have cost $5.8 billion and reportedly came in at $7.3 billion.
Sanmen Units 1 & 2 started construction in 2009 and were connected to the grid by 2018. Initial estimates of a 68 month construction time turned into around the 100-month to 110-month time frame. It was supposed to come in at just less than $5 billion and cost $6.1 billion. Note too, costings for Chinese power plants were difficult to find so they may not be as accurate as they should be. Either way, based on these two examples we see time overruns as we do in the West, but the costs don’t seem to explode as they do in the West. In terms of quality of construction, that is more difficult to measure and there may be a difference there too.
This may seem negative for nuclear, particularly in the West and that may be true, but remember the relationship between some of these arguments may not be heavily connected (or at all) with whether uranium stocks go up.
By the way, when we put out a number of ‘x’ reactors, the more important number is how much uranium they are actually using not how many reactors there are.
Supply destruction is a term that doesn’t really apply to companies that have been set up to buy and hold physical uranium only to dump it on the market later. So they lurk and could really be a dampener on the party. This point, in my view, is valid. However they are in the game to maximize their profits too, so it is not in their interests to flood the market. Another factor here is the skill level involved in knowing when to sell the uranium they hold. This leads us to consider that if an investor holds a company, when do you get off the elevator? Too early you make less than you could, too late and you ride the price up, and then back down (we’ll go through a real world example of how even the pros in the industry have done this later). To answer that question perhaps goes beyond the beginner so we leave it at that for now but thought-provoking nonetheless.
Another part of the risk here is that the nuclear industry has had some infamous accidents in the past which can sour things. Some say it is very safe or not as dangerous as other energy sources, and while that may be true, in this world, perception is everything. We need to remember the ripples of Fukushima on other governments and how that could occur again. \
That brings us to another part of our argument. Since Fukushima, some governments have reviewed and changed their policies to nuclear energy generation and reduced demand with the attraction of nuclear power waning. What we are really talking about here is loss of trust for how these plants operate and and some preconceived ideas with regards to how safe they are.
The OECD wrote an interesting study on this in 2017. The report highlights that Western Europe was probably affected the most, with shutdowns in some countries, although they were partly on the table anyway, it seemed to just make the decision easier. Italy voted not to pursue nuclear and it is quite possible that decision was in part due to what had occurred in Japan. According to the report, most countries conducted safety reviews of their existing plants.
Taiwan, oddly enough, did shut down its reactors which ran 15% of the electricity on the island, then it had a vote to decide what to do with nuclear power going forward with the question: “Do you agree with abolishing the first paragraph of Article 95 of the Electricity Act, which means abolishing the provision that ‘all nuclear-energy based power-generating facilities shall cease to operate by 2025?’”. Although the majority wanted to keep nuclear power going, the authorities are still planning on chopping it. The authorities are also expecting power shortages by 2021. An interesting way of running things there, I can’t say I am a fan of power cuts as I find electricity really handy.
Another argument we would need to consider here, is the question of how fast can miners get the product to market if the price goes up. So if we are negative on uranium investing, the argument goes that as soon as there is a demand, think of switching on a light bulb and a few pumps and, hey presto, we have uranium ready to go to the mill.
We covered earlier that mines that are currently offline can take significant lengths of time to come back online. For example, McArthur River mine in Canada which just went offline could take two years to get back online and producing and that is a mine that was operating already and is under a care and maintenance regime currently, which implies the company knows what is involved to get it back to production. Imagine a new mine where the unknowns are much greater.
Another substantial mine that may come online one day is Arrow which is considered to be huge, analysts think it will produce 21% of world supply, and the cost per pound is less than $20. Again time to production is an issue and the expectation currently is 2023-24 at a cost of $1.3 billion to get it started. Based on other examples we have considered, staying and on budget can be kind of tricky. So again this sounds like a great mine but if we are expecting an upturn in the market in the next five years, is this going to even produce a pound before the price has already risen? We don’t know, however, if we link this to long term contracts it is certainly a piece in play but maybe more of a takeover target to the right company. Remember Rio Tinto and the Roughrider mine that never was.
Another reason that makes it difficult to start or restart mines is the need for skilled workers as this is a specialized field, and there are only so many workers to go around to get mines restarted, so miners may find themselves short on skilled miners when the time comes.
Earlier we mentioned the downblending of weapons which we would be further supply and that Damocles sword will continue to hover over the market.
Nuclear waste is also an argument against this sector. So it’s currently very fashionable to recycle, eliminate waste and the like, so nuclear waste is ever present and is perceived as a major issue with using uranium as an energy fuel. Years ago one approach to get rid of waste was to put it in barrels and sail out on the high seas and dump it, most barrels would sink but a few didn’t so the sailors shot at them to make them sink, sometimes a machine gun would be more effective. Now that doesn’t sound too good, especially if you are either a scuba diver or a fish. Times have moved on and this is no longer the way to dispose of nuclear waste.
According to the WNA, waste is divided into three categories from the spent fuel which is in the high category to the tools and clothes used by workers in the plant which is in the low category. When the used fuel comes out of the rods, it is hot and remains so for many years, so for that time period, the spent fuel rods are kept underwater in a storage pool. The WNA website has a great photo of some workers looking into the storage pool which looks very like a swimming pool. They are not wearing masks or any other personal protection equipment aside from safety helmets. The most ironic item in the photo is the life ring buoy in the background. Now in the first instance, you probably don’t want to fall in, but if you really have to be saved by a lifebuoy from a pool with nuclear rods, you might be delaying the inevitable. Safety helmets for that matter seem kind of ironic there too. Apologies for getting sidetracked.
So the disposal of low and medium level waste is buried underground but not too deeply. The high-level waste is not disposed of, as there are no disposal sites currently, so disposal means storing it out the backyard, typically, of the nuclear power plant. Now that doesn’t sound like a good solution but according to Mr Shellenberger (a guy who thinks nuclear is the bees knees) ‘If all the nuclear waste from U.S. power plants were put on a (US) football field, (around 5000m2 ) of it would stack up just 50 feet (15m) high. In comparison to the waste produced by every other kind of electricity production, that quantity is close to zero’.
All forms of energy generation have some form of waste product and nuclear waste problems, although long in duration are compact in relation to these. While keeping them in canisters valued at a half million to a million dollars a piece seems as though that is not a solution, it kind of is, it has worked for now. In terms of deaths, in comparison to other energy sources, waste nuclear is not really causing any problems, as long as you don’t dump it at sea or anywhere else for that matter and take pot-shots at it with a rifle.
Another example of a perceived problem becoming a solution is as research and technology develop, scientists will find some novel way of using the waste possibly by recycling it for further use. This does sound like they are trying to kick the canister down the road, so to speak, but either way, it doesn’t have a huge impact on how the uranium market will play out over the next few years, interesting nonetheless.
Renewables are competitive with nuclear power. Now, this is a statement that comes up from time to time and is worth exploring briefly. Lets just set out the fact that all energy forms have some form of subsidy behind them. You may, however, think ‘but surely not big oil as it’s been around for ages and it needs no government support’, and you would be wrong. The International Monetary Fund in 2017 released a report on global fossil fuel subsidies coming up with a number north of $5 trillion, yes trillion, not billion. The IEA says that in 2016, renewables received $140 billion in 2016. Big numbers in both cases but the point here is subsidies are for all by the look of things, and they tend to skew the picture on which energy type is the cheapest. Another reason it’s a cloudy picture is that you also get into semantics about the definition of what a subsidy is.
With that in mind, we will wade on to what is out there with regards to which is cheap and which is expensive. One way to look at this is to go back to Germany, we mentioned it earlier in comparison to France as they have more expensive electricity than France. Germany is also reducing or has reduced its nuclear power electricity generation and chosen the path of solar and wind generated energy. From 2017 counting back ten years, electricity prices have risen by 39%.
Now another area - California, it too has chosen the path of renewables and it too has seen an increase in prices for electricity. According to the EIA, residential prices were $19.30 cents per Kilowatt Hour in March 2019 which is up from $12.51 cents in 2005. So are we seeing a pattern here? Some would say yes and some would say no, either way, we do know that the wind does not always blow nor the sun always shine. In comparison nuclear is steady 24/7, that is unless you get a tsunami or earthquake of course. (last paragraph is in the next post)
If you can click on the below link, I am hoping it will move my ebook up the amazon search page so non redditors can see it. Thanks.
https://www.amazon.com/Planet-Uranium-Beginners-Guide-Market-ebook/dp/B07TCHF7T7/ref=cm_cr_arp_d_pdt_img_top?ie=UTF8
submitted by definitelyunshore to UraniumSqueeze [link] [comments]

An open Letter Regarding the Possible Longevity of the Community, A solution to the "Nintendo Problem"

I have taken it upon myself to make the following well thought out post detailing what I believe to be the best, most legitimately viable solution to permanently resolving Nintendo's issues regarding the Melee Competitive, community at large. The following message will be a well laid out plan as to how the community could legitimately obtain legal ownership of Melee in a certain sense with references cited legal codes and doctrine as well as plans included:

The Best Solution [Revision 2] (Clean Room Reverse Engineering):

Let me first begin this statement by clearly saying the following legal doctrine:
Reverse engineering of any and all hardware or software in a clean room environment without the use of any proprietary software or hardware previously owned by a company is completely admissible by United States constitutional law even if said software was previously owned by a legal rights holder with full legal power over it's use. A comprehensive definition of the process and near complete legal immunity granted by reverse engineering is very well summarized by this article for North Carolina University here:https://ethics.csc.ncsu.edu/intellectual/reverse/study.php
Edit: As a commenter very helpfully pointed out Clean Room Reverse Engineering holds two parts: Breakdown and analysis of raw functions in assembly code (disassembly) done by one team of engineers where finding of how functions work is passed along by word of mouth to another team which then reconstructs the functions using different code that achieves the same effect. This is also something we could be capable of doing as a community if we found the right people or the right free lance devs willing to help with the reconstruction effort.

What This Means for Us:

This inherently means it is possible for us to reverse engineer Melee's original functionality at an engine level which we already know very much about to create an open source copy playable on any and all platforms which are capable of running it including natively on a PC Mac or Linux machine.

Examples of This in Action:

Earlier this year Super Mario 64 received an entirely legal native PC port written Primarily in the C#/C++ programming language which runs natively on pc including mod support, in fact it runs natively on WiiU 3ds and switch as well. Nintendo in fact tried to DMCA and sue the creators of this clean room reverse engineering and decompilation project but could not and seemingly stopped sending cease and desist letters for no reason whatsoever. The one caveat is that in order to run and compile into an executable to be playable it requires the games assets (The copyrighted material) directly from a previously owned legally acquired cartridge based ROM file. You may view the Decomps github Page here: https://github.com/n64decomp/sm64

How we Can Fix This Problem:

If we were to reverse engineer Melee into a usable form on pc we can sidestep the copyright Issue during tournaments by creating an open source "Community Asset Pack" which uses new non copyrighted textures models and sounds made by the wonderful folks in our community, we could even make a very fun "vote for your favorite design contest" out of it to really get the community involved, then if someone wanted to play with "True Vanilla Melee Aesthetic" at home they could simply dump the files from their legally acquired backup copy and use them in game in the reverse engineered port on a PC or other capable device. Freedoom takes a very similar approach to this by providing a free legal doom WAD file to play doom maps and mods with if they don't own the official WAD from ID. You can Freedoom here: https://freedoom.github.io/

Logistics and Difficulties:

None of what I said before was to avoid the statement that doing such a thing would be difficult, it will in fact be extremely difficult, resource intensive, and time consuming on apart of many people in the community. However, this is not to say that it is not possible to achieve such a thing in a timely manner like a year or maybe shorter. The reason why I believe so is very simple, this community has some of the most talented, dedicated and pragmatic engineers of any community ever, period. if people like Fizzi, Kadano, Magus, and Achillies and Uncle Punch could push the technical boundaries of Melee in it's native form as far as they have (state of the art training programs, hardware accelerated interfaces, and literal entire match-making for unranked play). This is a clear indication that we are capable of rising to this task as a community to allow us to solve this "Nintendo Ownership Problem" once and for all.

What we Can Do:

In truth, the best thing we can do as a community is to encourage all our top engineering experts and discuss this action as a truly viable possibility, if we as a community can help this to get started while head hunting for other promising engineers , we can fund raise to pay their living expenses until the project is finished, the same way that our Patreon donations as a community allowed Fizzi to quit his job to work on Slippi, the same way we raised thousands of dollars to get Melee into Evo 2013 all those years ago. We get our sound designers to produce sound packs, our modelers to model, and our texture people to texture so when the time comes we're good and ready to put out a free open source product.

Why this is so Important:

From this communities inception we have been and always will be grassroots plain and simple. We never have received the support of Nintendo and frankly we've never needed it, but yet they still go out of their way to shut us down as hard as they can simply because they feel it's their right to do whatever they please with what belongs to them. But let me ask you something important dear readers, what greater achievement is their for a grassroots community than to truly claim full free ownership of that which they have grown through effort of the community and honest hard work? Yes this will be difficult yes it will seem next to impossible but if we succeed we would become the first open source major Esport in modern history melee could truly live on forever in the same manner as a traditional sport free from any of Nintendo's scrutiny. It's time to stop asking for Melee. It's time to start taking it. #trulyfreemelee

Day 2 (Edit 2):

I am writing this edit to address some common concerns towards my initial post while I did some more legal research before bed last night I will address several points here:
  1. "Will removing copyrighted content from a build really stop Nintendo from C&Ding our online tournaments on twitch?":a. The answer to this question seems to be yes; according to what information I could find about sending a cease and desist notice the most common reason one is sent is to prevent IP or copyright infringement, one of the whole reasons I wrote this post was to advocate for an "Open Source Asset Pack" which would remove any and all Nintendo content from the Clean Room Reverse Egineered Build leaving Nintendo with no copyrighted content to C&D us for.
  2. Should I make a Public Discord where interested people can discuss this further? I've seen a lot of interested comments regarding the matter Please DM me and let me know.
  3. Someone Mentioned streaming asset free Melee over A Slippi data connections like when they pull data directly from console to stream, I think this should be looked into as well, its an easier solution that may save us a lot of time.
  4. I think we should contact upper level SSBM community figures and see if we can have a sort of public meeting regarding the the viability and implementation of a thing like this. I have a plan in mind but I think it should go in a Discord/Separate Post as this one is getting very long. Please Message me and let me know your thoughts in the comments!

Day 3 (Edit 3):

  1. I have made A discord, it's very bare bones and not set up yet (college finals are a monster this year) but my aim will be to pass out individual invites to qualified people and see if a team can be assembled to carry out a good portion of this work and build a proper plan for the CRRE process and the later rebuild process as well as asset production. If you are interested please dm me here on Reddit, Thank you!
Link to legal dictionary's definition of a Cease and Desist: https://legaldictionary.net/cease-and-desist-orde

Edit (Relevant Decomp Links and Legal Documents):

Melee Decomp on Github: https://github.com/doldecomp/melee
Relevant Legal Documents:
https://h2o.law.harvard.edu/cases/5198
and here: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Sony_Computer_Entertainment,_Inc._v._Connectix_Corp.
submitted by dd_koh to SSBM [link] [comments]

Current Timeline of Election Related Happenings

What are your predictions conspiracy? Is Trump going to cross the rubicon? How does the great conjunction factor in?
1) March 23, 2018, it is reported that Guantanamo Bay is being expanded under Trump. https://www.military.com/daily-news/2018/03/28/when-it-comes-guantanamo-trump-truly-builder-chief.html
2) September 5th, 2018, Graham asks Kavanaugh about Military Tribunals. Kavanaugh confirms that American citizens who collaborate with foreign adversaries lose their constitutional rights and can be tried by the military. https://youtu.be/oOAkU\_4iPYA [Embed]
3) September 12th, 2018, Trump signs Executive Order 13848 which declares a national emergency and establishes that the Director of National Intelligence (currently John Ratcliffe) must deliver an assessment of election interference no more than 45 days after an election (December 18th). https://www.whitehouse.gov/presidential-actions/executive-order-imposing-certain-sanctions-event-foreign-interference-united-states-election/
4) November 3rd, 2020 Election occurs. Election night shenanigans appear fraudulent and raise questions, and it is alleged that vote data from voting machines is transfered to foreign servers in Spain and Germany.
5) November 9th, Department of Defense director Mark Esper is fired and replaced with Trump loyalist Christopher C. Miller (formerly director of National Counterterrorism Center). https://www.military.com/daily-news/2020/11/09/trump-fires-secdef-mark-esper-names-christopher-miller-lead-pentagon.html
6) November 10th, CIA Director Gina Haspel is seen meeting with McConnell, and has not been seen publicly since. https://www.foxnews.com/politics/cia-director-gina-haspel-mcconnell-unclear
7) November 10th, Under Secretary of Defense Dr. James Anderson was replaced by Anthony Tata. Under Secretary of Defense for Intelligence and Security Joseph Kernan was replaced by Ezra Cohen-Watnick. Chief of Staff to the Secretary of Defense Jen Stewart was replaced by Kash Patel. https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/Releases/Release/Article/2411893/dod-statement-on-personnel-changes-at-the-pentagon/
8) November 12th, House Representative Louie Gohmert says a German server containing US election data was raided by the US military. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=swhlvFBsoDg&ab\_channel=GohmertTX01&t=4m32s [Embed]
9) November 12th, CISA reports, "The November 3rd election was the most secure in American history...There is no evidence that any voting system deleted or lost votes, changed votes, or was in any way compromised." https://www.cisa.gov/news/2020/11/12/joint-statement-elections-infrastructure-government-coordinating-council-election
10) November 13th, Christopher Miller hints at troop withdrawals and writes, "Ending wars requires compromise and partnership. We met the challenge; we gave it our all. Now, it's time to come home." https://media.defense.gov/2020/Nov/14/2002535407/-1/-1/0/INITIAL-MESSAGE-TO-THE-DEPARTMENT.PDF?source=GovDelivery
11) November 17th, Trump fires CISA director Christopher Krebs, saying, "The recent statement by Chris Krebs on the security of the 2020 Election was highly inaccurate." https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/1328852354049957888
12) November 18th, Christopher Miller and Ezra Cohen-Watnick announce that U.S. special forces command will be streamlined and report directly to them. https://www.defense.gov/Explore/News/Article/Article/2419154/special-operations-leader-to-report-directly-to-acting-defense-secretary/
13) November 25th, Trump pardons Michael Flynn. https://www.justice.gov/pardon/pardons-granted-president-donald-trump
14) November 25th, Trump fires Henry Kissinger and 10 others from the Defense Policy Board. https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/11/25/pentagon-purges-leading-advisors-from-defense-policy-board/
15) November 27th, the DOJ changes rules on executions, allowing execution by firing squad. https://thecrimereport.org/2020/11/27/new-doj-execution-rules-allow-firing-squad-electrocution/
16) November 28th, Michael Flynn and Thomas McInerney give interviews on WVW-TV alleging massive vote fraud and "confirming" that a server in Germany was raided (and that several soldiers died in the raid). https://www.worldviewweekend.com/tv/video/wvw-tv-exclusive-lt-general-michael-flynns-first-interview-president-trumps-pardon
17) December 1st, Michael Flynn tweets out a link calling on Trump to declare martial law and hold a new election. https://twitter.com/GenFlynn/status/1333916403389370369
18) December 2nd, Trump gives "the most important speech I've ever made" where he speaks about the rigged election. https://youtu.be/720O\_yBLrTs [Embed]
19) December 3rd, video evidence of voter fraud is presented to the Georgia legislature (and immediately dismissed as DEBUNKED). https://www.cbs46.com/video-prompts-more-questions-of-voter-fraud-in-georgia/video\_ed7840f7-434f-5f9e-8727-b0e9a9878e36.html
20) December 4th, Reuters writes, "CIA spokesperson Nicole de Haay told Reuters via email: “Well…this is the most absurd inquiry I’ve ever addressed, but I’m happy to tell you that Director Haspel is alive and well and at the office.”" https://www.reuters.com/article/uk-factcheck-cia-director-gina-haspel-afact-checkcia-director-gina-haspel-was-not-arrested-injured-or-found-dead-idUSKBN28E215
21) December 4th, Trump orders troop withdrawal from Somalia--approximately 700 troops, mostly special forces. https://www.defense.gov/Newsroom/Releases/Release/Article/2435972/somalia-force-posture-announcement/
22) December 4th, it is discovered that a vote tabulator in Ware County appears to switch votes from Trump to Biden. https://twitter.com/CongressmanHice/status/1334919630339641345
23) December 4th, Trump fires nine members of the Pentagon's Defense Business Board and installed people loyal to him in their place. https://www.politico.com/news/2020/12/04/pentagon-fires-business-advisory-board-members-442892
24) December 6th, Trump legal team gets access to 22 voting machines in Antrim County, Michigan and begins a forensic audit of the machines. https://www.foxnews.com/politics/trump-legal-team-michigan-antrim-county-judge-order-dominion-machines
25) December 6th, Justice Alito moves up SCOTUS hearing of PA vote fraud case (Kelly v Pennsylvania) so that it falls within the "Safe Harbor" window. https://www.scribd.com/document/487067580/Kelly-v-Commonwealth-SCOTUS-Application#from\_embed
26) December 7th, Texas attorney general files law suit against Wisconsin, Georgia, Pennsylvania, and Michigan for constitutional election violations. The Supreme Court gives the defendants until December 10th to respond. https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/22/22O155/163052/20201208133328638\_TX-v-State-MPI-2020-12-07%20FINAL.pdf
27) December 8th, Injunctive relief in Kelly v Pennsylvania is denied. https://www.democracydocket.com/wp-content/uploads/sites/45/2020/11/120820zr\_bq7d.pdf
28) December 8th, the Senate confirms Nathan Simington to the FCC, giving Republicans a 3-2 advantage in FCC policy votes (Could be important if they decide to make changes to Section 230). https://docs.fcc.gov/public/attachments/DOC-368636A1.pdf
29) December 8th, it is reported on Twitter that several states (at least 7) intend on joining the Texas Supreme Court case, citing Equal Protection Clause violations. https://twitter.com/chuckcallesto/status/1336443757219155985
30) December 8th, Wall Street Journal reports that FireEye, an institutional cybersecurity has been hacked, and some of its hacking tools potentially stolen. The hack is very sophisticated. https://www.wsj.com/articles/u-s-cyber-firm-fireeye-says-it-was-breached-by-nation-state-hackers-11607461408
31) December 9th, 17 states join the Texas SCOTUS case, including Alabama, Arkansas, Florida, Indiana, Kansas, Louisiana, Missouri, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, North Dakota, Oklahoma, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Utah, and West Virginia. https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/22/22O155/163215/20201209144840609\_2020-12-09%20-%20Texas%20v.%20Pennsylvania%20-%20Amicus%20Brief%20of%20Missouri%20et%20al.%20-%20Final%20with%20Tables.pdf
32) December 9th, Arizona joins Texas et al in SCOTUS case. https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/22/22O155/163258/20201209171850333\_TX%20v%20PA%20Motion%20for%20Leave%20FINAL.pdf
33) December 9th, Hunter Biden confirms that he is under investigation by the FBI over taxes/foreign business dealings. https://www.washingtonpost.com/national-security/hunter-biden-under-federal-investigation/2020/12/09/3b7361be-3a64-11eb-9276-ae0ca72729be\_story.html
34) December 10th, D.C, Colorado, Connecticut, Delaware, Guam, Hawaii, Illinois, Maine, Maryland, Massachusetts, Minnesota, Nevada, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oregon, Rhode Island, Vermont, Virginia, the Virgin Islands, and Washington join the SCOTUS suit in defense of Pennsylvania, Wisconsin, Michigan, and Georgia https://www.supremecourt.gov/DocketPDF/22/22O155/163379/20201210144443769\_Texas%20v.%20Pennsylvania%20-%20Motion%20and%20Br.%20of%20Amici%20DC%20et%20al.pdf
35) December 10th, the Hill reports that the senior election security advisor at the Department of Homeland Security's Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency (CISA) will leave the agency on December 18th. https://thehill.com/policy/cybersecurity/529746-top-election-security-official-to-leave-federal-cybersecurity-agency
36) December 10th, Trump considers withdrawing drone and special forces support supplied by the DoD from the CIA. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/12/10/us/politics/pentagon-cia-support.html
37) December 11th, SCOTUS rejects Texas lawsuit. https://www.supremecourt.gov/orders/courtorders/121120zr\_p860.pdf
38) December 12th, Trump tweets: "WE HAVE JUST BEGUN TO FIGHT!!!" https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/1337755964339081216
39) December 12th, Director of National Intelligence, John Ratcliffe, flies aboard Marine One with President Trump to attend the Army Navy Football Game at West Point. https://twitter.com/dni\_ratcliffe/status/1337833580978966529
40) December 13th, US Treasury hacked by foreign state sponsored hackers who "stole information from the U.S. Treasury Department and a U.S. agency responsible for deciding policy around the internet and telecommunications (NTIA)." https://www.reuters.com/article/usa-cyber-amazoncom-idUSL1N2IT0HS
41) December 13th, it is reported that there has been a leak of personal identifying details of 1.95 million communist party members who have taken positions at major companies and institutions across the West. https://www.skynews.com.au/details/\_6215946537001
42) December 14th, Judge removes protective order of Antrim county vote machine audit, allowing for results of the audit to be made public. https://www.freep.com/story/news/politics/elections/2020/12/14/judge-orders-release-report-examining-antrim-county-vote-tabulators/6537004002/
43) December 14th, all swing states have dueling electoral college ceremonies. Politico reports, "Republicans who would have served as electors in several swing states, had Trump won them, gathered in several mock ceremonies purporting to cast votes." https://www.politico.com/news/2020/12/14/electoral-college-biden-victory-444952
44) December 14th, Trump tweets that DOJ Attorney General Bill Barr is leaving the DOJ on December 23rd and that Deputy Attorney General Jeff Rosen will become Acting Attorney General, Richard Donoghue will become Deputy Attorney General. https://twitter.com/realdonaldtrump/status/1338614499981602819
45) December 14th, AP reports electoral college results: 306 for Biden, 232 for Trump. https://apnews.com/article/d429ef97af2bf574d16463384dc7cc1e
46) December 14th, Gateway Pundit reports via Twitter that SolarWinds HQ (party to the December 8th FireEye hack) has been raided by Texas Rangers and US Marshals. https://twitter.com/gatewaypundit/status/1338653905916473346
47) December 16th, DNI twitter account tweets, "Amanda Schoch, ODNI Director of Strategic Communications: "This afternoon the DNI was notified by career intelligence officials that the Intelligence Community will not meet the December 18 deadline, set by Executive Order and Congress to submit the IC’s classified assessment on foreign threats to the 2020 U.S. elections. The IC has received relevant reporting since the election and a number of agencies have not finished coordinating on the product. The DNI is committed to providing this report to our customers expeditiously." https://twitter.com/odnigov/status/1339356234777047051
48) December 17th, Politico reports, "The Energy Department and National Nuclear Security Administration, which maintains the U.S. nuclear weapons stockpile, have evidence that hackers accessed their networks as part of an extensive espionage operation that has affected at least half a dozen federal agencies." https://www.politico.com/news/2020/12/17/nuclear-agency-hacked-officials-inform-congress-447855
submitted by pliny_the_marble to conspiracy [link] [comments]

Living The Screen Life #productsmakemehappy

Original Author

Important official legal disclaimer: This is a short work of fiction. Any resemblances to real people (including myself); people you may know; people you think you may know; etc.; is entirely deliberate.
When I’m at work I’m staring at a screen. When I’m not at work I’m staring at screens. Checking social media. Scrolling through updates. Scrolling through friends. Scrolling through #instagram. Scrolling through #amazon. The customer is always right. Make sure the product you’re selling is something that people want to buy.
On the subway we’re surrounded by people that we don’t know and never will. Our heads are tilted down, eyes connected to smartphones and pod devices. Playing free games. Bright lights and colorful shapes. Swipe swipe swipe. Group texts. #netflix. Fantasy football updates. #snapchats. The anxiety of being human. New Yorkers avoid looking at or talking to one another. Once in a while there will be a crazy person on the train and all of us normal passengers can smile at each other and sigh. At least we’re not crazy.
The subway tunnels are the arteries and veins of the city, the passageways of the busy hive. If you close your eyes the movement through the tunnels feels organic, alive. A buzz of worker bees on our way. Where are we going?
I don’t want be a part of the hive. But I’m a human being. I need other human beings.
Something is broken in me. I hate myself. I don’t feel connection in any aspect of my life. friendships, family, romance, work. Ennui and alienation are my reality. A city of 8 million people. A hive of loneliness.
My life is no tragedy. I don’t have any real reasons to be sad but I’m sad. I wasn’t abused. My parents love me. I went to college. I had all the benefits of a middle class upbringing. I’m a white male in a society that has persecuted anyone and everyone who isn’t.
I eat mostly fast food. Chinese delivery. #mcdonalds. #kraft macaroni & cheese. #dominos. Microwave dinners. High sodium. High Fructose Corn Syrup. MSG. Intense flavors. Addictive flavors.
There was a terrorist attack and the nation was in shock. A maniac with a gun shot up a shopping mall. The president offered his condolences. We had an all-staff call at work to discuss how we felt. It’s important for us to remember that terrorists are evil. When terrible things happen on our TV screens it’s important to show solidarity.
We’ve never had an all-staff call at work to discuss our solidarity with the homeless people that we walk by each day between the subway station and our office. The woman who stands by the subway entrance shaking her cup of change every day. The couple that sleep in sleeping bags each night under the awning of the bodega. We didn’t have an all-staff call to discuss our solidarity with our co-workers who were laid off last week.
Binge. Binge-watch. Binge-watch television. The revolution will be televised. The revolution will be tweeted.

ThisIsUs#Freshofftheboat#Blackish#Blacklivesmatter#Change#Makeamericagreatagain#Strongertogether#Target

Browsing the internet, searching for a date. Swiping through thousands of profiles. The deep human need for connection. "Love to travel". "Looking for a partner in crime". “Enjoys witty banter”. Attempting to send thoughtful messages that will stand out. Being ignored. Rejected. Every once in a while a rare response. Variable rewards. You’ll never win if you don’t play the game. Dopamine. Slot machines. Addiction.
Sometimes I wonder if people have genuine friendships anymore. Sometimes I think back to the times when I had friends. My friends from college. I think I was always a little bit sad underneath it all. But friends are a good medicine.
We had a lot of fun back in college. This was back before our jobs dragged us to all different corners of the country. Nowadays we talk about the #nfl or #GoT through group texts. Sometimes we wish each other happy birthday. Usually we forget.
Breaking news. Check your smart phone. Turn on your television. President Trump did this. President Trump did that. Terrorist attack. Hurricane. Polar Ice Caps melting. Destruction. Human beings are terrible to each other. Stay informed. Stay alert. Informed citizens watch the news. Check #bbc, #cnn, #msnbc. Get updates and notifications. Twitter and social media keep us informed. Smart phones are smart.
Drugs make me feel better. Temporarily. Porn works too. Weed. A little coke. A little molly. Drugs and porn don't really make me happy, but they at least make me not sad for a while. A quick bump to take the pain away.
Everyone is an addict. Addiction is good for the economy. Some addictions are respectable. Some not so much. work, shopping, smart phones, #facebook, television, fossil fuels, #marvel super-hero movies, #mcdonalds, #instagram, pornography, #dominos, coffee, alcohol, #snapchat, cocaine, #oxycontin, heroin. The economy is doing well.
I talked to my sister a few weeks ago, she lives in Colorado. She used to live in Arizona, and before that North Carolina. I miss my sister. Like most young people she goes wherever her or her boyfriend can find work. She complained about her job, about how all her coworkers seem so fake. No one really seems to care about what they’re doing. It’s more important to make it seem like you care than it is to actually care.
The other day I saw a picture she posted with her co-workers - “So happy to work with these great people and this awesome company #workfriends”.
The global economy is great. Even as it rips apart the connections that we need for our emotional health, it comes up with ever more products and services and gadgets for us to substitute for those connections and soothe our loneliness. One day we will all be starting at screens all the time and we’ll never have to interact with humans in the real world ever again. Life will be good.
I know some people who find meaning in their work. They work long hours. They go out drinking with co-workers. Mostly they work in advertising or tech or finance. These industries are important because they help our economy grow. Growing the economy is important. We may live on a finite planet, but we’re committed to an economy that can grow forever.
An economy is not the only type of organic system that can commit to a cycle of endless growth. Sometimes it happens with cells in the human body for instance. This is called cancer.
Most of my time at work I sit at my desk pretending to work hard. Wondering what the other cubicle bees are doing with their time as they pretend to be working hard. Sometimes I do spread sheets that people tell me are useful. Measuring. Counting.
Once in a while I’ll grab lunch at the bodega or at #mcdonalds and I’ll notice how the employees there work so much harder than I do. Most of them are bi-lingual. They probably work harder in an hour than I do in a day.
I sit at a desk in front of a computer, so my job is really important.
Smart phone. Smart TV. Smart car. Smart house. We are smart.
When I get out of work I walk to the subway with all the other worker bees leaving their jobs. The sidewalks are buzzing with people heading this way and that. It’s important to walk fast to wherever it is you’re going. It’s important to go where you’re going and for everyone else to go where they’re going. Thinking about where you’re going is time wasted when you could be getting to where you’re going. Be careful if you smile at other people, they may see it as a threat.
At rush hour there is always a man on the corner near the subway with a sign that says “Jesus Loves You.” His eyes are intense. He doesn’t seem to be in a rush to get anywhere.
I love to learn. I love to read. I mostly hated school. Some of the most intelligent, interesting, and creative people I knew were dropouts.
School was useful for teaching us that life is about measurement and performance and specialization and commodification. Your peers are your competition. Things like empathy and imagination and cooperation are hard to measure. They’re non-linear. School doesn’t like them.
Prison population is something we can measure. There are more black men in prison today than there were enslaved at the time the Civil War began. There are 2.3 million Americans in Prison. America is the home of the Free and the Brave.
There was a pretty young woman at the register at the bookstore. She told me that she was a huge fan of the Nabokov stories I was buying. Said she loved the way he plays with language and meaning. She reached to give me a bag for the book and I told her I didn't really need one. She apologized and smiled and said that she must have asked me about a bag already. I told her that she hadn't. She blushed. I asked her her name. I asked her for her number.
Later I sent her a message. Maybe I could take her out for a drink sometime. Smiley face emoji. I never got a response. Connecting with people is hard.
Social media. Social. Media. We are social. We connect with our screens. Social media connects us to what is important. Likes, upvotes, retweets, friend requests, updates, notifications. That friendly buzzzzzz from your smart phone. It feels good to be social. Dopamine. Remember - Your brand matters. Everyone is watching.
Technology makes the world better. Technology solves problems, especially problems created by other technology. If new technologies create problems, the solution is to develop newer technologies to solve those problems. Technology and progress are the same thing. Technology helps the economy grow. When technology makes human beings obsolete, that is progress.
Sometimes it seems that we relate to our machines better than we relate to each other.
One in sixty-eight children in America is diagnosed with autism. Autism is characterized by impaired social interaction, impaired verbal and non-verbal communication, and restricted and repetitive behavior.
I feel like my job isn’t actually about doing anything. Success is really about making it look like what you do is important. Lying to yourself to tell yourself that what you do is important.
Teamwork and cooperation are actively discouraged at work. No one knows what anyone else does, but supposedly what everyone does is important. Stare into your computer screen. Do we live in a world where success is about manipulating our fellow human beings? #winning
One day after work I saw an old woman on the subway with a young girl sleeping at her side. The woman was sewing a scarf. Sometimes people are good to each other. Sometimes the small things in life can be incredibly beautiful. Once in a while happiness will come when I’m not searching for it.
I wish I had a girlfriend. Someone I could talk to without feeling like I’m lying to myself.
People around me are growing up. Getting married. Having kids. Settling into life. My conscience is at war with my culture.
One day I took a train out of the city. I took some molly. I was hoping to escape the traps of language. I needed nature. I needed art. I was looking for something that wasn’t for sale.
Our culture destroys connection. Alienation is endemic to the system. Nobody knows anybody, nobody knows themselves. We blame and ridicule anyone who reflects the fear that is hidden within ourselves. Those who are suffering the most – the poor, the homeless, the drug addicts, the crazy, the uneducated. Anyone with a political ideology different from our own. Organic human interaction doesn’t exist, all that matters is your ability to sell and your ability to consume. Smile for #instagram, smile for #facebook. Image is everything. Human beings are commodities. We stare into screens, selling ourselves to each other. We desperately hang on for a sense of meaning and purpose to a culture which is destroying the ecosystems that we depend on for life. A culture which transforms our deep emotional need for meaning and connection into a deep emotional need for products.
In 2015 there were 33,000 deaths in America from heroin and prescription opioids. These drugs are pain killers. Pain. Killers. What pain are we trying to kill?
Some of the best people I know are chronic drug users, some of them functional, some of them not so much. What does it mean to be a human being?
Once I got so lonely that I was no longer myself. I was the hive. The people moving to and fro, the traffic, the ambulances, the delivery boys on their bicycles, the junkies, the couples hand in hand on the sidewalks, the children and dogs playing in the park, the street festivals, the subway cars rumbling through their tunnels. It was all me.
The sounds of the city are music. Everything is frequency. It’s buzzing.
Rather than acknowledging and sharing our pain and fear, using vulnerability to connect, we project onto each other. We revert to tribalism. Tribalism and hatred increase when our communities are our screens. Morality and empathy function differently in this environment. There is only the tribe and the Other. The safe space and the enemy. Stronger Together. I’m With Her. Make America Great Again. #BackLivesMatter #BlueLivesMatter Advertising is our culture. #hastag your tribe.
I miss my sister. I miss my whole family. Including my extended family that I don’t really know. Sometimes I think that humans aren’t really supposed to behave like bees in a hive and that we are actually designed to live close to our families and our friends and work close to where we live. Maybe work and life and culture and happiness aren’t supposed to be separate things. “Commute” is a silly word. There’s a hope somewhere deep down that we actually need each other…that people are worth it.
As a straight, college educated, white male, I sometimes feel that I’m not allowed to be upset about the world we live in, I’m not allowed to be hurt by it. I need to #checkmyprivilege. Maybe I just need more drugs.
It’s important for us to be living in a state of constant consumption. After all, what are we if we’re not consumers? What does it mean to be a human being?
Sex sells. Sex is a good product. Orgasms can be counted. How many people have you fucked? I don’t know how to have a genuinely vulnerable emotional connection with another human being. What happens after the orgasm? Connecting with someone who you hope to have an intimate and beautiful relationship with is about selling yourself. Always remember: You Are A PRODUCT.
Make sure you have a great profile pic. It’s important to start out with a clever user name. Never start with your real name. This is advertising, people don’t want to know the real you. Make sure you look sexy at all times. Ugliness doesn’t sell. Swipe your way to happiness. True love is a click away. Everyone’s there. An entire city. A busy hive.
Drugs are Good drugs when society says they’re Good drugs. Good drugs are legal, Bad drugs are illegal.
Good people Hate president Trump. It’s important to have socially acceptable outlets for channeling negative emotions when living in an oppressive culture. Ridiculing and making fun of Trump and his supporters is something we can all do together and share in the fun.
Is it possible that Trump supporters might be human beings too? Is it possible that hatred is just fear and pain turned outward?
How’s your social media presence? What does it mean to have “presence”? where am I when I have #presence? Presence; noun; The state or fact of being present; current existence or occurrence.
Science and technology allow us to track and influence the behavior of massive numbers of human beings. The entire hive. How does the swarm function?
Humans can be tracked by consumption habits and behavior predicted and influenced using algorithms. The more data there is the more accurate the predictions. Eventually feedback loops from past behavior can be used to influence future behavior. What we consume tells us who we are and who we will be. #hashtag it. Humans are just numbers after all. Numbers that can be measured, counted, commodified.
Tech and big data are amazing. It’s really great they way the tech industry helps our economy. Why judge people by the content of their character when there are statistics and algorithms? More products to help the economy grow. What does it mean to be a human being?
After the Civil War, the former slaves were free to make their way in this home of the Free and the Brave. In Florida and other parts of the south, during the reconstruction period, it was common for freed slaves to be thrown in jail for no other reason than the fact that they didn’t have work. Once there, they were forced into chain gangs to build railroads and other infrastructure projects. Many of them died due to terrible conditions and over-work. Railroads were important because they brought industry and technology and economic growth. Economic progress makes the world better.
Every once in a while the screens get turned off. I get the rare chance to talk with friends or co-workers away from the screens and outside of the office environment and I have the impression that they are genuinely interested in having a positive impact in the world and in their community. Why do I feel so alienated at work, and in life? Why are we so disconnected in a world of constant connection? It has something to do with the system, the wider culture. Culture is powerful.
Worker bees working, the rhythms of the hive.
A beautiful fall day in Central Park. An oasis amidst the concrete. The wind blows through the trees, leaves shimmering in the sun. Fractals. The individual elements reflect structural patterns of the whole.
A beehive is an amazing thing. We can’t understand the hive by looking at the behavior of an individual bee, yet the combined behavior of the bees create a new phenomenon that is more than the sum of its parts – the hive. Swarming is like a cultural phenomenon of the hive. It is a pattern of the hive reflected in the bees.
The heroin addict reflects our culture of addiction. The cancer patient reflects our pathological attachment to endless growth. The autistic child reflects a society in which we have lost the ability to empathize, lost the ability to feel. We relate more to machines than to each other and to the earth. A black man murdered in the street reflects a culture in which human life is a just a number. Humans are products. A salesman for president is a reflection of us. It shows us who we are.
The art of the deal. President. Salesman. Don’t forget that you’re for sale. Everyone’s watching.
I don’t have a single person that I feel I can talk to about things that matter to me. I don’t have a single relationship where I feel I can be comfortable being myself, where I feel understood. Attempts that I make to connect are met with rejection. I fail over and over and over again. The relationships I do have are superficial. Why am I so broken? Sometimes I think that I might have something positive to offer.
The personalities that thrive in the modern world are those that embody the traits of psychopathy. Rapid turnover in interpersonal relationships. Lack of any real need for a sense of community or place. Focus on the superficial and image based forms of communication as opposed to depth and nuance. Lack of empathy. Commoditized, fragmented, specialized and depersonalized interactions with others and with the planet. We are all engulfed in this culture. There aren’t any good guys or bad guys. Causality is non-linear. We’re all guilty. We are a society in which the ability to consume is our highest virtue and being poor is a moral failure. Poor people hate themselves and each other for being poor and worship rich people for being rich. Rich people hate themselves just as much as poor people, if not more so. Can you ever consume enough to create an identity? What does it mean to be a human being? Technology, screens and financial capital. Fossil fuels. Endless War. Drone Strikes. 150 to 200 of the species that make up the biosphere of planet earth go extinct every single day. 2,220,300 people incarcerated in the United States of America. Home of the Free and the Brave.
Does the bee comprehend the nature of the hive? There are 7.442 billion human beings on planet earth. The individual human brain does not work with those kinds of numbers. We can’t relate to 7,442,000,000. 7,442,000,000 are not faces that we know. 7,442,000,000 is not connected to place. The way we make sense of 7,442,000,000…is as a product. A product to be exploited and used for all that it’s worth and then discarded a long with the rest of the natural world. Success in our culture, in the industrial juggernaut that we call our economy, comes from the ability to manipulate the largest number of human beings, from figuring out and implementing the most efficient ways of turning human beings and the planet into a #commodity.

hashtag#hastag#hashtag#meme#meme#meme#imageiseverything#cultureisadvertisement#artisproduct#loveisproduct

Shorten your thoughts so your mind doesn’t wander
into the darkness beyond tomorrow.

iamreallyhappy

productsmakemhappy

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Collection of 108 remote jobs - (non)tech

Hello friends! These are the open remote positions I've found that were published today. See you tomorrow! Bleep blop 🤖
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List of 85 remote jobs - (non)tech

Hello friends! These are the open remote positions I've found that were published today. See you tomorrow! Bleep blop 🤖
submitted by remote-enthusiast to remotedaily [link] [comments]

are gaming machines legal in north carolina video

Tribal Gaming Compacts. Gambling entertainment in North Carolina is very limited. The State of North Carolina Gambling Laws include only one Tribal Compact at this point with the Eastern Band of Cherokee. This Tribe has only developed a single casino in North Carolina, and it is the only casino in the state. The compact only allows video lottery terminals, hence the casino does not offer any Twelve years after North Carolina’s ban on video poker machines, fish game tables are flourishing across the state. Charlotte has one of the highest concentrations of fish game arcades with at Introduction to North Carolina Slot Machine Casino Gambling in 2020. North Carolina slot machine casino gambling consists of two tribal casinos in the Great Smoky Mountains in the western tip of the state.. Tribal-state gaming compacts in North Carolina have established theoretical minimum and maximum payout for their video gaming machines while return statistics are not publicly available. North Carolina’s Gambling Laws can be found in North Carolina General Statutes Article 37: Lotteries, Gaming, Bingo and Raffles. Gambling Defined Operating a game of chance or playing at or betting on any game of chance at which money, property, or other thing of value is bet, whether the same be in stake or not. In this case, gaming company Sandhills Amusements of Southern Pines works with Arizona-based Gift Surplus LLC to operate game kiosks in North Carolina. In 2013, the Onslow County Sheriff’s Internet sweepstakes or video gaming machines have been a target of North Carolina law enforcement for years. Despite laws that put the brakes on video gaming, it seems some of those games are Slot machines, video gaming machines, electronic sweepstakes machines not authorized. Nothing in this Part shall be construed to authorize the possession, transportation, or use of any slot machine, video gaming machine, or electronic machine or device prohibited pursuant to G.S. 14-304 through 14-309. Gambling with and/or operating illegal gaming machines is a crime in North Carolina. According to Sheriff Simmons, such locations can attract other illegal activity, namely drugs and prostitution. In a press release that Davidson County will not tolerate establishments operating illegal gaming machines. Chris Poole, ALE special agent in charge, provided insight on state gambling laws North Carolina currently has 4,400 gaming machines available for use. Some of the games available for use include BlackJack, Craps, Roulette, Bingo, Video Poker, Slot Machines, Mississippi Stud, and Let It Ride. Harrah’s Cherokee Casino generates 8% of all wages and 5% of all state jobs between the two casinos. North Carolina fought long and hard against any kind of legalized gambling.. As late as 1982, its governor was quoted as being against the introduction of a state lottery. In fact, North Carolina was the very last state on the East Coast to bring forth lottery gambling to its citizens. They did so in 2005 – and by the slimmest of voting margins at that (the first ticket didn’t sell until

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